Showing posts with label Pigeon hole. Show all posts
Showing posts with label Pigeon hole. Show all posts

Friday, 6 May 2016

Petrol pump in a circle

There are n petrol pumps in a circle of circumference L, distributed in an arbitrary manner. Each petrol pump gives $a_i$ quantity of petrol s.t. $\sum_i a_i = L$. You have a car which consumes $x$ quantity for covering distance $x$. You start at an petrol pump with empty tank. Show that there exists an petrol pump starting at which you would be able to go round the circle. (Asked by Rustomji)

Tuesday, 9 September 2014

Maths puzzle #2 - Divisibility by 100

Given any 51 integers, prove that there exist two integers a, b such that a^2 - b^2  is divisible by 100

Solution: Start thinking by why only 51? If we divide any number by 50 it will give 50 possible remainders, which means there are two integers a, b which give the same remainder. So, a = 50q1+r and b = 50q2+r where 0<= r < 50.

a^2 - b^2 = (a-b)*(a+b) = 50(q1-q2) * 2(25(q1+q2)+r), hence divisibility by 100

Source: Manish asked me this problem, who was in turn asked by Rustam, who read it in Mathematical circles: the russian experience